ДСТУ EN 62689-2:2022 Датчики або детектори струму та напруги, що використовують для індикації проходження несправностей. Частина 2. Системні аспекти (EN 62689-2:2017, IDT; IEC 62689-2:2016, IDT)

ДСТУ EN 62689-2:2022
(EN 62689-2:2017, IDT; IEC 62689-2:2016, IDT)

Датчики або детектори струму та напруги, що використовують для індикації проходження несправностей. Частина 2. Системні аспекти

 
   
 
 
     
Не є офіційним виданням.
Офіційне видання розповсюджує національний орган стандартизації
(ДП «УкрНДНЦ» http://uas.gov.ua)

Contents

FOREWORD

INTRODUCTION

1 Scope

2 Normative references

3 Terms, definitions, abbreviations and symbols

3.1 Terms and definitions related to neutral point treatment

3.2 Abbreviations and symbols

4 Choice of FPI/DSU requirements related to fault detection according to network operation mode and fault type

4.1 General

4.2 FPIs/DSUs for isolated neutral system

4.2.1 Earth fault detection

4.2.2 Polyphase fault detection

4.3 FPIs/DSUs for resonant earthed (neutral) system - arc-suppression-coil-earth (neutral) system

4.3.1 Earth fault detection

4.3.2 Polyphase fault detection

4.4 FPIs/DSUs for solidly earthed neutral systems (systems with low-impedance earthed neutrals)

4.5 FPIs/DSUs for impedance earthed neutral system (resistive impedance earthed neutral system )

4.5.1 Earth fault detection

4.5.2 Polyphase fault detection

4.6 FPIs/DSUs for systems with high presence of DER

4.7 Summary of FPI/DSU requirements with respect to fault detection according to network operation mode and fault type

5 Fault detecting principles according to network and fault type

5.1 General

5.2 Earth fault detection and neutral treatment

5.2.1 General

5.2.2 Earth fault detection in isolated neutral systems

5.2.3 Earth fault detection in resonant earthed systems

5.2.4 Overcurrent detection in absence or negligible presence of DER

5.2.5 Overcurrent detection in presence of a large amount of DER (significantly increasing short circuit current values)

Annex A (informative) Example of a possible solution for fault detection through FPIs/DSUs on closed loop feeder

A.1 General

A.2 Double bipole model

A.3 Analysis of zero-sequence values in case of fault on a line out of the closed loop

A.4 Analysis in case of fault on the closed-loop

A.5 Example of on-field application

Annex B (informative) Example of fault detection coordination technique among FPIs/DSUs and MV feeder protection relays

B.1 Autonomous fault detection confirmation from FPIs/DSUs

B.2 Fault detection confirmation from FPIs/DSUs through voltage presence/absence detection

Bibliography

Figure 1 - General architecture of an FPI

Figure 2 - General three-phase diagram of an earth fault in isolated neutral system

Figure 3 - General three-phase diagram of an earth fault solidly earthed system (example 2)

Figure 4 - Isolated neutral system - detection of earth fault current direction from FPI/DSU upstream from the fault location (fault downstream from the FPI’s/DSU’s location)

Figure 5 - Isolated neutral system - detection of earth fault current direction from FPI/DSU downstream from the fault location (fault upstream from the FPI’s/DSU’s location)

Figure 6 - Isolated neutral system - vector diagrams related to Figure 4 and Figure 5

Figure 7 - Relationship between FPI/DSU regulated current threshold and earth fault current in case of non-directional earth fault current detection. Fault downstream from FPI/DSU A4-2

Figure 8 - Relationship between FPI/DSU regulated current threshold and earth fault current in case of non-directional earth fault current detection. Fault downstream from FPI/DSU A4-1 and upstream from FPI/DSU A4-2

Figure 9 - Relationship between FPI/DSU regulated current threshold and earth fault current in case of non-directional earth fault current detection. Fault on MV busbar (upstream from any FPI/DSU)

Figure 10 - Pure resonant earthed system - detection of earth fault current direction from FPI/DSU upstream from the fault location (fault downstream from the FPI’s/DSU’s location)

Figure 11 - Pure resonant earthed system - detection of earth fault current direction from FPI/DSU downstream from the fault location (fault upstream from the FPI’s/DSU’s location)

Figure 12 - Pure resonant earthed system - vector diagrams related to Figure 10 and Figure 11

Figure 13 - Resonant earthed system with inductance and permanent parallel resistor - detection of phase to earth fault current direction from FPI/DSU upstream from the fault location (fault downstream from the FPI’s/DSU’s location)

Figure 14 - Resonant earthed system with inductance with parallel resistor system -detection of phase to earth fault current direction from FPI/DSU downstream from the fault location (fault upstream from the FPI’s/DSU’s location)

Figure 15 - Resonant earthed system with inductance with parallel resistor system -vector diagrams related to Figure 13 and Figure 14

Figure 16 - Earthing resistor system - detection of phase to earth fault current direction from FPI/DSU upstream from the fault location (fault downstream from the FPI’s/DSU’s location)

Figure 17 - Earthing resistor system - detection of phase to earth fault current direction from FPI/DSU downstream from the fault location (fault upstream from the FPI’s/DSU’s location)

Figure 18 - Earthing resistor system - vector diagrams related to Figure 16 and Figure 17

Figure 19 - Overcurrents in a radial network without DER - correct current detection by non-directional FPI/DSU (good sensitivity concerning overcurrent detection)

Figure 20 - Overcurrents in a radial network with negligible DER presence - correct current detection by non-directional FPI/DSU (good sensitivity concerning overcurrent detection)

Figure 21 - Overcurrents in a radial network with a large amount of DER - unreliable fault detection by non-directional FPIs/DSUs (incorrect detection or extremely low sensitivity)

Figure A.1 - Double bipole

Figure A.2 - Cascade of double bipoles

Figure A.3 - Closed loop double bipoles

Figure A.4 - Equivalent model in case of fault

Figure B.1 - Correctly coordinated fault selection among FPIs/DSUs and protection relay

Figure B.2 - Incorrectly coordinated selection among FPIs/DSUs and protection relay. Case 1

Figure B.3 - Incorrectly coordinated fault selection among FPIs/DSUs and protection relay. Case 2

Table 1 - Summary of FPI/DSU requirements referred to fault detection according to network operation mode and fault type